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    Autumn.png
    Lisa Bywaters
    23/Apr/2023
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Walking in a winter wonderland

    How to keep up (or start) walking for health and pleasure when it’s cold outdoors

    It’s not quite winter yet, but it sure feels like it!

    And if you’re like me and love to get outdoors and walk, it can be a little tough staying motivated when it’s cold, wet and wintery. But there are things you can do to boost your motivation, stay active and even come to relish the experience of walking in colder weather.

    But, I hear you ask, why would any sane person want to get off their warm, cosy couch, put aside the remote control and brave the elements??? Because exercise doesn’t take a break for the colder months 😐 and we need to engage in regular, consistent exercise year round.

    And while it can be challenging at times, we all know how much better we feel after we hit the pool, go for a walk, or take part in an exercise class. Being active every day helps us manage our pain, get better quality sleep, and improve our mood. It also helps us manage our other health conditions. And it gets us out of the house so we can connect with others – our friends, teammates, gym buddies, and other people walking their dogs in the park.

    Knowing all of that doesn’t make it easy though, so here are some strategies to help you get out there.

    Timing is everything

    Plan to go walk when your body has had a chance to loosen up. Do some stretches, or have a warm shower to relax your muscles and joints so you can walk more easily and with less pain. The Arthritis Foundation has some basic stretches you can use before you head out the door.

    Dress for the weather

    Your usual exercise gear may not cut it when it comes to walking in colder weather. You need to think layers. The clothes closest to your skin should draw moisture away from the skin (known as wicking) so your skin doesn’t stay damp. It should also dry quickly. Look on the labels for mention of wicking or polypropylene. Avoid cotton. When cotton clothes get wet, they stay wet, making you colder.

    Next, add an insulating layer of fleece or wool to keep you warm. And finally, add a layer that will resist wind and rain. The beauty of layers is that you can take them off and put them back on if/when needed.

    Choose bright colours so you’ll be seen through the fog and rain, even on the greyest days 👕👚🦺. And at the risk of losing my Melbournian status 😉, there’s something lovely about ditching the black clothes and wearing bright colours on a gloomy day.

    There’s no such thing as bad weather, just the wrong clothing, so get yourself a sexy raincoat and live a little.“ Billy Connolly

    Now accessorise!

    I’m not talking bling here, 💎💍 though; like adding colour, bling can definitely brighten your day 😊. But I’m referring to appropriate socks and footwear. It’s best to wear walking shoes that are waterproof or dry quickly. And they need good traction – it can get very slippery out there! If you’ve got old shoes from last winter, check the soles to ensure they’re still ok.

    It’s important to know that the walking shoes you wear in warmer months are unlikely to be suitable for walking in colder months. The tops of these shoes are generally a lightweight mesh that lets air in to keep your feet cool. Not what you need on a cold walk!

    You also need to protect your extremities (this is a must if you have Raynaud’s). Wear gloves or mittens, a hat that covers your ears, a scarf, sunglasses and sunscreen. Even in the colder months, your skin can be damaged by the sun’s rays.

    Oh, and depending on the length of the walk you’re planning, you might want to take a lightweight backpack or bag for your water bottle and to store any of the layers you remove.

    Get a walking buddy

    Having a buddy to walk with can be fun and boost your motivation on cold days. This could be your partner, kids, family, friend, neighbour, pet 🐕🐈, or a walking group.

    Or go on your own

    Sometimes you just need some time to yourself.

    Be aware of the walking surfaces

    Slips, trips and falls are enemies of anyone with a musculoskeletal condition. So we need to take care out there. Uneven surfaces, moss, wet leaves or mud on footpaths and trails, and slick tiles at the shopping centre can all be dangerous. So keep an eye on the surfaces. And check out this info from MyHealth.Alberta.ca for some tips to lower your risk of falling.

    Explore new areas

    Whenever you can, take the time to explore new walking paths, rail trails, parks, or neighbourhoods. It’s amazing what you discover when you go beyond your own backyard.

    Always check BOM 💣

    Visit the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) or your weather channel of choice, and get the weather and rain forecast. This will help you dress appropriately and may also affect your timing. If you like walking in the rain, you may decide to head out regardless. But if you’re not a fan, the radar will give you an idea of when to go (just don’t forget your umbrella – just in case).

    Take your phone

    It’s handy for listening to music, podcasts, and audiobooks and taking pics of the things you discover on your walk. It’s also essential for safety. Unfortunately, accidents can happen to us all, so stay safe and take your phone in case you need help. Or so you can call someone to pick you up if the weather becomes nasty!! 🚗🚓🚕

    Add some mindfulness to your walk

    Much of the pleasure of walking outdoors comes from enjoying the beauty of the changing seasons. So on your next walk, focus on your surroundings and how you feel. Try using the 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 method. For example:

    • What are 5 things you can see – e.g. the stripes on your gloves, the different hues of autumn leaves, a dog chasing a ball, fluffy clouds, ducks enjoying rain puddles.
    • What are 4 things you can physically feel: e.g. your feet on the ground, your partner’s hand, the wind on your face, the way your stride lengthens as you get into your rhythm.
    • What are 3 things you can hear: e.g. leaves crunching under your feet, children laughing, thunder in the distance.
    • What are 2 things you can smell: e.g. cut grass, rain coming.
    • What is 1 thing you can taste: e.g. your coffee traveller. ☕

    Walk indoors

    If you’re not a fan of exercising in cold and wet weather or you’re worried about slippery wet surfaces, walk indoors. Do laps of your home, hire/buy a treadmill, or walk briskly in your local shopping centre, gym or community centre.

    Stay hydrated

    Even though you may not be sweating as much as you would be on a hot day, your body is still losing water through your sweat and breathing. Take a water bottle with you and drink when you need to.

    Set yourself a goal

    If you’re still finding it hard to get motivated, set yourself a goal. It may be the ability to walk a certain distance without being out of breath or taking part in an upcoming fun run/walk. Choose something that matters to you, then create a SMART goal – that is, it’s Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and has a Timeframe. Read more about goal setting.

    “Sunshine is delicious, rain is refreshing, wind braces us up, snow is exhilarating; there is really no such thing as bad weather, only different kinds of good weather.” John Ruskin

    Contact our free national Help Line

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available Monday to Thursday between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265 or email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

    CONTINUE READING
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    Lisa Bywaters
    20/Apr/2023
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Walk like an Egyptian

    DYK for many years it was believed that ancient Egyptian pharaohs Amenhotep (Amenophis) II, Ramses II (“The Great”), and his son Merenptah all had ankylosing spondylitis (AS)? In 2002, scientists examined X-rays of their mummies and found what they believed were radiological signs of AS. Cool story. And, if you have AS, it’s a mic drop moment. 🎤 Boom!

    Unfortunately, this has now been debunked 😑 and the mummies show signs of a completely different condition. But let’s not let facts get in the way of a good story 😁. And let’s find out about AS.

    Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory arthritis that causes inflammation in the spine and the joints that connect the lower spine to the pelvis (sacroiliac joints). This inflammation causes back pain, stiffness and reduced mobility in the spine.

    The good news is there are effective treatments for AS.

    What causes it?

    Ankylosing spondylitis is an autoimmune disease. That means it occurs as a result of a faulty immune system.

    Instead of identifying foreign bodies (e.g. bacteria, viruses) and attacking them to keep you healthy, your immune system mistakenly targets healthy tissue in and around your joints, causing inflammation and pain.

    We don’t know why this happens. Genes are thought to play a role. You’re more likely to get AS if your family has a history of it. Most people with AS have the gene called HLA-B27; however, this gene can also be found in people who don’t have AS.

    Since this gene doesn’t automatically lead to the development of AS, scientists believe a complex mix of genes and environmental factors may be involved.

    We used to think AS affected more men than women, but recent research suggests men and women are affected relatively equally. AS tends to develop in late teens and early adulthood.

    Symptoms

    The symptoms vary from person to person. The most common are:

    • Pain and stiffness in the back, buttocks or neck, often worse after waking or resting and relieved by exercise and movement.
    • Enthesitis, or inflammation and pain where tendons or ligaments connect to bone. Common areas for enthesitis are in the front of the chest where the ribs join the breast bone, the back of the heel (Achilles tendon) or underneath the foot.
    • Fatigue or extreme tiredness that doesn’t get better after sleep or rest.

    Other symptoms can include:

    In AS, due to chronic inflammation, new bone may grow around the joints in the spine. This can lead to permanent stiffness in the back and neck of some people with AS. In severe cases, the bones of the spine can fuse together; however, this can usually be prevented by starting appropriate treatment as early as possible.

    Symptoms may change from day to day. At times your symptoms (e.g. pain, fatigue, inflammation) can become more intense. This is a flare. Flares can be unpredictable and seem to come out of nowhere.

    Diagnosis

    If you have ongoing back pain and stiffness or other symptoms of AS, it’s essential that you see your GP. Getting a diagnosis as soon as possible ensures treatment starts quickly. This will give you the best possible outcomes.

    No single test can diagnose AS, so your doctor will use a combination of tests. They may include:

    • Your medical history. Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, family history and other health issues.
    • A physical examination to assess joint tenderness, flexibility, and stiffness.
    • Genetic testing to look for the HLA-B27 gene.
    • Blood tests to check for inflammation.
    • Scans such as an X-ray and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to look for joint inflammation and damage.

    Your GP will refer you to a rheumatologist if they think you have AS. Rheumatologists are doctors who specialise in diagnosing and treating problems with joints, muscles, bones and the immune system.

    Treatment

    Ankylosing spondylitis is treated using a range of different treatments, including medicines, regular exercise and self-care.

    Medicines

    The two main types of medicines used to treat AS and help manage its symptoms are NSAIDs and targeted therapies:

    Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are nearly always used as the first medicine to treat the pain, inflammation and stiffness of AS unless there’s a reason you can’t take them. Research shows that NSAIDs are very effective in managing symptoms of AS. Some people may need to take them regularly, while others will only take them as needed. This will depend on your symptoms and how you respond to the NSAID.

    Your rheumatologist will discuss how often you should take NSAIDs and their long-term benefits and risks. There are many different types and brands; some are over-the-counter, while others are only available on prescription.

    Targeted therapies are medicines that ‘target’ specific proteins in the immune system that produce inflammation. They include biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (biologics), biosimilars and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. These targeted treatments have dramatically improved the quality of life for people with AS who need more than NSAIDs to manage their condition.

    Your rheumatologist will talk with you about using these medicines if you need more than NSAIDs to manage your condition or if you can’t take NSAIDs.

    Exercise

    This is the most important thing you can do to help manage your AS. Exercise can improve symptoms, including stiffness, pain, fatigue, breathing capacity and posture. It helps increase your flexibility and range of movement, so it’s easier to do many everyday tasks.

    As soon as possible after receiving your diagnosis, you should ideally begin a personalised exercise program developed by a physio or exercise physiologist (EP) and aim to do some exercise every day. Being active is also essential for your overall health and wellbeing. It helps keep your muscles, bones and joints strong so that you can keep moving. It reduces your risk of developing other conditions such as heart disease, osteoporosis, diabetes and some forms of cancer. It boosts your mood, benefits your mental health, helps with weight control and improves sleep.

    Self-care

    As well as taking your medicines as prescribed and exercising regularly, there are other things you can do.

    Learn about your condition. Understanding AS allows you to make informed decisions about your healthcare and actively manage it.

    Manage your weight. Being overweight or obese increases inflammation throughout your body. This inflammation affects not only your joints but also blood vessels and insulin levels. This can increase your risk of chronic health conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. Losing weight is an important thing you can do to reduce your risk of these conditions and reduce your AS symptoms. Being overweight or obese also limits the effectiveness of some medicines used to treat AS. Losing weight can be challenging, so if you need to lose weight or advice on healthy eating, talk with your doctor or dietitian.

    Learn ways to manage your pain. Pain is the most common symptom of AS, so it’s crucial to learn ways to manage it effectively. Read our A-Z guide for managing pain for more information.

    Work closely with your healthcare team. The best way to live well with AS is by working closely with the people in your healthcare team (e.g. GP, rheumatologist, physio). Keep them informed about how you’re doing and if you’ve experienced any changes in your symptoms or tried new medicines, complementary therapies, supplements or other treatments.

    Use aids and equipment. Supports such as long-handled shoehorns, reachers and canes can reduce joint strain and make life easier, especially if your condition has reduced your flexibility and mobility. An occupational therapist can advise you on aids, equipment and home modifications.

    Sleep well. Not getting enough quality sleep can worsen your symptoms; however, getting a good night’s sleep when you have chronic pain can be difficult. If you’re having problems sleeping, talk with your doctor about how to deal with this.

    Manage stress. Stress can also aggravate your symptoms, so learning to deal with stress is extremely helpful. Things you can do to manage stress include planning your day and setting priorities, using relaxation techniques such as going for a walk, getting a massage or listening to music, and, where possible, avoiding people and situations that cause you stress.

    Practise mindfulness. Regularly practising mindfulness meditation can improve your mood, relieve stress, improve sleep, improve mental health and reduce pain.

    Eat a healthy, balanced diet. While there’s no specific diet for AS, it’s important to have a healthy, balanced diet to maintain general health and prevent weight gain and other health problems, such as diabetes and heart disease.

    Quit smoking. Smoking cigarettes harms your general health, negatively affects your bone health, and increases inflammation.

    Seek support from others. You might find it helpful to contact the Ankylosing Spondylitis Australia or the Ankylosing Spondylitis Group of Victoria and speak to others who have AS and know what you’re going through.

    Complications

    Some people with AS develop an eye problem called iritis or uveitis, which causes a painful red eye with blurred vision and sensitivity to light.

    If you develop eye symptoms, you’ll need to quickly get your eye checked and treated by an ophthalmologist. Treatment is usually with prescription eye drops, which reduce the chance of permanent eye damage.

    Understanding this risk and knowing what signs to be alert for can reduce the risk of eye damage. Ask your GP or rheumatologist what you should do if you develop any eye symptoms.

    One last thing

    If you think ankylosing spondylitis sounds like a dinosaur, you’re not far wrong. There was a dinosaur called an ankylosaurus. So, what you’ve lost in ancient pharaohs, you’ve gained with a very impressive dinosaur 🐉 😉.

    Contact our free national Help Line

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available weekdays between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

    CONTINUE READING
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    Lisa Bywaters
    22/Feb/2023
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Let’s dance!

    Note: I’ve been listening to great music while writing this article. I’ve embedded some links so you can share the love 💛.

    Bored with your usual exercise program? Why not follow David Bowie’s advice and “put on your red shoes and dance the blues”?

    Dancing is a fun, expressive and social form of exercise. It’s also a great way to meet new people.

    There are many dance styles to try – from salsa to hip hop, ballroom or belly dancing. Or you can shake your tail feather around the house when a great song comes on the radio.

    Why you should be dancing

    If you’re like me, the idea of dancing, especially in public, is terrifying. I’m uncoordinated, clumsy and have never felt comfortable or natural moving to music. My partner is changing that, one ‘box step’ at a time. Not the unco, clumsy part – he’s not a miracle worker 😂. But becoming more comfortable just dancing. You see, he’ll literally dance at the drop of a hat. At home, in his coffee shop, in the supermarket. It makes him happy.

    And when he’s happy, I want to join in on that happiness.

    So that’s a key reason to dance – happiness 😊.

    It’s also a very social activity. Joining a dance class or going to clubs is an opportunity for you and your friends to have a fun, physical outing. And you may make new friends. What’s not to love about that? 💜

    Gonna make you sweat (Everybody dance now): Dancing is exercise

    The Australian physical activity guidelines recommend that adults be active most days of the week, preferably every day.

    That means that each week, adults should do either:

    • 2.5 to 5 hours of moderate intensity physical activity – e.g. a brisk walk, golf, mowing the lawn or swimming. Moderate intensity means you can talk comfortably but not sing.
    • 1.25 to 2.5 hours of vigorous intensity physical activity – e.g. jogging, aerobics, fast cycling, soccer or netball. Vigorous intensity means you can only say a few words without gasping for breath.
    • an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous activities. (1)

    So dancing – at a moderate or vigorous intensity – is a fun and creative way to contribute to your weekly dose of exercise.

    Everybody dance: Other health benefits

    Chic put it so well in their song, “Dancing helps relieve the pain, soothes your mind, makes you happy again. Listen to those dancing feet. Close your eyes and let go.“ But don’t just take the word of those disco legends… dancing:

    • improves the health of your heart and lungs
    • improves circulation of blood and synovial fluid through joints
    • relieves pain and stiffness
    • reduces fatigue
    • helps you sleep better
    • improves strength, endurance and stamina
    • improves balance, coordination and flexibility
    • helps keep bones strong and prevent falls
    • lowers stress levels and improves your mood
    • helps you maintain a healthy body weight or lose weight when combined with a weight-loss eating plan
    • builds self-confidence
    • improves brain health and cognitive functions
    • nurtures your creative side and allows you to express yourself
    • improves overall health and fitness.

    Dance, dance: Getting started

    OK, if I’ve sold you on dancing, it’s time to get started. And a good way to do that is to think about the different dancing styles and ask yourself…

    • What style appeals to me?
    • What do I want to get out of dancing? For example, do I want to:
      • meet new people?
      • get fit?
      • improve my balance and coordination?
      • get involved in competitions?
    • Do I want to dance on my own or with a partner?

    Thinking about these things can help you choose the style that best meets your needs.

    You also need to be conscious of the physical demands of the dance style. For example, if there’s a lot of jumping or moves that put significant pressure on joints, it may not be suitable if you have arthritis in your hips, knees or feet. That being said, there are so many styles to choose from, including:

    Once you’ve picked a style, as you would before starting any new exercise program, you need to consider your fitness level and other health issues. If it’s been a while since you’ve been active, talk with your doctor before you start.

    Flashdance: What to wear?

    Your clothing needs to be comfortable and allow you to move freely. But you don’t want any trailing sleeves and long skirts. They’ll be a trip hazard. So leave your inner Stevie Nicks at home, at least until you’re a more proficient dancer 😁.

    As far as shoes go, some dance styles, like tap, require special shoes. But for the most part, when starting out, you can generally wear shoes you already have. Just make sure they’re flexible, comfortable and provide good support. And it’s best to start in low shoes that allow you to move smoothly and safely across the floor.

    Other tips for a safe(ty) dance

    Dancing is exercise, so start slowly and learn good technique. You should also:

    • Consider getting family or friends involved. It’s fun to explore new experiences, like dance classes or groups with others, especially if you’re a little nervous or find it difficult to get motivated on your own.
    • Warm up before you start. Don’t just ‘lose yourself to dance’. Give your body time to loosen up and get ready for some exertion.
    • Drink enough water and stay hydrated – before, during and after dancing.
    • Take breaks, and rest when you need to. It’s easy to get caught up and overdo it, especially when you’re having a good time. So listen to your body and take regular breaks.
    • If you feel unusual pain, stop that move or dance sequence, and get advice from your dance instructor, physiotherapist or exercise physiologist. You may be overextending a joint or moving in a way that’s not great for your musculoskeletal condition. So safety first.
    • Cool down when you finish.
    • Have a wonderful time!

    Dance hall days: Finding a place to dance

    • Start at home if you’re nervous about going public with your dance moves. Put some music on, and go for it. Make sure you have plenty of space and there are no slip or trip hazards (e.g. rugs, pets). Other safety issues such as talking with your doc, wearing appropriate clothing and footwear, warming up, cooling down and hydrating still apply.
    • Check out some online groups and classes. There’s so much available online. This has been a positive of the pandemic – an enormous growth in good online resources. You’re sure to find something that suits you. If you’re looking for inspiration, YouTube and TikTok have some great dance content. Just watch them carefully and evaluate them as you would any other online health content. Our article Online exercise – look before you leap provides a list of things to consider before starting any online exercise (including dance).
    • Visit websites of local community houses and clubs as they often provide dance classes as part of their exercise offerings.
    • Dance schools and studios often provide more formal dance training. This may be of particular interest if you want to perfect your dance technique, enter competitions or learn a style unavailable in your local community.
    • Hit a club or pub. And if you’re groaning about a late night (which I do regularly), many venues have afternoon music and dance sessions or dinner dances. You just have to keep an eye on local venues.
    • No Lights, No Lycra. This a place for people to come and dance freely in a friendly, non-threatening, drug and alcohol-free atmosphere. It happens in a dimly lit room with the lights low so people can truly dance without worrying about what they look like. No Lights, No Lycra events happen all over the world. You can find your closest venue here.

    Contact our free national Help Line

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available weekdays between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

    More dance tunes to get you in the mood!

    These songs will have you cutting the sleeves off your jumpers to make leg warmers (à la Flashdance) in no time 😅.

    Reference

    1. Australian Government, Department of Health and Aged Care. Physical activity guidelines: For adults (18-64 years) 
    CONTINUE READING
    osteoarthritis-blog.jpg
    Lisa Bywaters
    13/Oct/2022
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Osteoarthritis: It’s not ‘just’ arthritis

    Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. And because of this, I think it’s often dismissed, and its effects underestimated.

    I mean, how often have you heard people say, ‘it’s just wear and tear’, ‘we’ll all get it eventually’, or my personal favourite ‘it’s just a bit of arthritis’ 😤? These offhand comments trivialise the considerable pain and disability that osteoarthritis (OA) causes many Australians.

    If you have OA or know someone who does, you know it can significantly impact every aspect of life. Symptoms such as persistent pain, fatigue, stiff and swollen joints, weakened muscles, anxiety, depression, and sleep problems can affect a person’s ability to be as involved in social, community and work activities as they might like.

    So, no, it’s not ‘just’ arthritis.

    Let’s look at what it is.

    What is osteoarthritis?

    As we know, OA is the most common form of arthritis. It’s most likely to develop in people over 45, but it can also occur in younger people. It frequently affects weight-bearing joints, such as the knees, hips, feet, and spine. The joints of the hands, including the thumbs, are also commonly affected.

    While it was once thought to be an inevitable part of ageing, resulting from a lifetime of wear and tear on joints, we now know it’s a complex condition and may occur due to many factors.

    Osteoarthritis and your joints osteoarthritis

    To understand how OA affects your body, it’s helpful to know a little about your joints.

    Joints are places where bones meet. Bones, muscles, ligaments and tendons work together so you can twist, bend and move about.

    Covering the ends of your bones is a thin layer of tissue called cartilage. It provides a slippery cushion that absorbs shocks, helps your joints move smoothly and prevents bones from rubbing against each other.

    Around most of your joints is a tough capsule that holds your bones in place. The inside of the capsule is lined with synovial membrane, which produces synovial fluid. This fluid lubricates and nourishes the cartilage and other structures in the joint.

    With OA, the cartilage becomes brittle and breaks down. Some pieces of cartilage may even break away and float in the synovial fluid. Because the cartilage no longer has a smooth surface, the joint becomes stiff and painful to move.

    Eventually, the cartilage can break down so much that it no longer cushions the two bones. Your body tries to repair this damage by creating extra bone. These are bone spurs (or osteophytes). Bone spurs don’t always cause symptoms but can sometimes cause pain and restrict joint movement.

    OA causes and risk factors

    Many things can increase your chances of developing OA, including:

    • your age – people over 45 are more at risk
    • being overweight or obese
    • your genetics – the genes you inherit can play a role in developing OA
    • other conditions – such as rheumatoid arthritis and gout, can cause damage to your joints and lead to OA
    • gender – 3 in 5 people who have OA are women
    • repetitive movements associated with your job or occupation (e.g. constant kneeling, squatting, lifting heavy loads)
    • significant injury, surgery, damage or overuse of a joint.

    Signs and symptoms

    The symptoms of OA can vary from person to person. Some of the more common symptoms include:

    • joint pain, stiffness and swelling (inflammation)
    • grinding, rubbing or crunching sensation (crepitus)
    • muscle weakness.

    These symptoms can sometimes worsen, especially when you feel stressed, upset, overdo things, or don’t get enough sleep. This is called a flare or flare-up.

    Diagnosing OA

    If you’ve been experiencing joint pain, it’s essential you discuss your symptoms with your doctor. Getting a diagnosis as soon as possible means that treatment can start quickly. This will give you the best possible outcomes.

    To diagnose your condition, your doctor will do some exams or tests. They may include:

    • Your medical history. Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms, family history and other health issues.
    • Physical examination. Your doctor will look for swelling in and around the joint and test your joint’s range of movement. They’ll also feel and listen for grinding, rubbing or creaking in the joint.

    Imaging (e.g. x-rays, ultrasound or MRI) and blood tests aren’t routinely used to diagnose OA. However, they may sometimes be needed if there’s uncertainty around your diagnosis.

    Treating OA

    There’s no cure for osteoarthritis; however, your symptoms can be effectively managed with exercise, weight management, medicines, and self-care.

    Exercise

    Because of the old ‘wear and tear’ myth, many people are worried that exercising joints with OA will cause more joint damage. But regular exercise can actually help reduce some of your symptoms (e.g. pain, stiffness) and improve your joint mobility and strength. It will also move synovial fluid through the joint, providing essential nutrients and removing waste.

    Exercises that move your joints through their range of movement will also help maintain joint flexibility; this is often lost due to OA. Strengthening the muscles around your joints is also important. The stronger they are, the more weight they can take. This will help support and protect your joints.

    An exercise program that promotes muscle strength, joint flexibility, improved balance and coordination, and general fitness will give you the best results. Start exercising slowly and gradually increase the time and intensity of your exercise sessions over weeks and months. A physiotherapist or exercise physiologist can help you work out an exercise program that’s right for you.

    Weight management

    Being overweight or obese increases your risk of developing OA and the severity of your condition. The additional weight also increases pressure on your joints, especially your weight-bearing joints (e.g. hips, knees, feet), which is likely to cause further pain and damage.

    The amount of overall fat you carry is also significant because fat releases molecules that contribute to low but persistent levels of inflammation across your whole body. This, in turn, increases the level of inflammation in the joints affected by OA.

    For these reasons, maintaining a healthy weight is essential if you have OA. Your doctor or dietitian can advise you on safe weight-loss strategies if you need to lose weight.

    Weight loss can be a long process for many people. It’s challenging, especially when pain affects your ability to be as active as you’d like. But it’s good to know that any weight loss can reduce your pain and increase your ability to exercise. So making small, achievable changes to your eating and exercise habits can bring big results. It just takes time, commitment, and support.

    Medicines

    No medicines can affect the underlying disease process of OA, but combined with exercise, weight management, and self-care, medicines may provide temporary pain relief and help you stay active.

    The most commonly used medicines for OA are:

    • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines or NSAIDs (e.g. ibuprofen). These medicines are available over-the-counter and with a prescription, depending on their dosage and other ingredients. They come in tablet/capsule form (oral NSAIDs) or as a gel or rub applied directly to the skin (topical). It’s important to note that oral NSAIDs are designed to be taken at low doses for short periods. Always talk with your doctor before starting NSAIDs, as they can have side effects.
    • Paracetamol. Research has shown that paracetamol provides only low-level pain relief for osteoarthritis. However, some people report that it helps reduce their pain so they can be more active. For this reason, it’s worth discussing a trial of paracetamol with your GP to see if it‘s appropriate for you.
    • Corticosteroid (steroid) injections may be helpful for people who haven’t found relief from other treatments (e.g. exercise, weight loss) or other medicines. Corticosteroid injections into a joint can provide short-term pain relief; however, the number of injections you can have each year is limited due to potential harm.

    Note: Opioids are powerful pain-relieving medicines that effectively reduce acute pain (or the pain resulting from an injury or surgery). In the past, they were prescribed to treat pain associated with conditions like osteoarthritis; however, there’s strong evidence that they have little effect on OA pain. Opioids also have many potentially serious side effects. That’s why they’re not recommended in the management of OA. Read the Choosing Wisely Australia resource ‘5 Questions to ask about using opioids for back pain or osteoarthritis’ for more info.

    Self-care

    There are many other things you can do to reduce the impact of your symptoms, including:

    • Learning about your condition. Understanding OA and how it affects you means you can make informed decisions about your healthcare and actively manage it.
    • Learning ways to manage your pain. Pain is the most common symptom of osteoarthritis, so it’s crucial to learn to manage it effectively. Read our A-Z guide for managing pain for more information.
    • Working closely with your healthcare team. The best way to live well with OA is by working closely with the people in your healthcare team (e.g. GP, physio) and keeping them informed about how you’re doing and alerting them to any changes.
    • Protecting your joints. Supports such as walking aids, specialised cooking utensils, ergonomic computer equipment and long-handled shoehorns can reduce joint strain and make life easier. An occupational therapist can advise you on aids, equipment and home modifications. You can also check out our range of aids in our online shop.
    • Taping, knee braces and orthotics may be helpful if you have OA in your knees or feet. A physiotherapist or podiatrist can advise you on these.
    • Improving sleep quality. Not getting enough quality sleep can worsen your symptoms; however, getting a good night’s sleep when you have osteoarthritis and chronic pain can be challenging. If you’re having problems sleeping, talk with your doctor about ways you can address this.
    • Managing stress. Stress can also aggravate your symptoms, so learning to deal with stress is extremely helpful. Things you can do to manage stress include planning your day and setting priorities, using relaxation techniques such as going for a walk, getting a massage or listening to music, and, where possible, avoiding people and situations that cause you stress.
    • Eating a healthy, balanced diet. While there’s no specific diet for OA, it’s important to have a healthy, balanced diet to maintain general health and prevent weight gain and other medical problems, such as diabetes and heart disease.

    Surgery

    In most cases, surgery isn’t required for people with osteoarthritis. However, surgery may be an option if all non-surgical treatment options have been unsuccessful and you’re still experiencing significant pain and loss of function.

    The most common surgery for osteoarthritis is a joint replacement. When considering surgery, you should be informed about what it involves, the rehabilitation process, and its potential benefits and risks.

    Note: An arthroscopy isn’t recommended to treat knee OA. Evidence shows it’s not effective in improving OA knee pain or function.

    Contact our free national Help Line

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available weekdays between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

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    gardening.jpg
    Lisa Bywaters
    20/Sep/2022
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Weed ‘em and reap

    Tips to help you in the garden

    Note: Apologies in advance. At the time of writing, I was in a pun-ey state of mind 😂. I’m a ‘succa’ for a bad pun or dad joke. Hopefully, it ‘grows’ on you. 😣

    With spring well and truly in the air, our gardens are coming alive 🌻🌼🌷. It’s the perfect excuse to get outside and dig in the dirt. Time to celery-brate!

    Gardening’s a wonderful way to get some fresh air and vitamin D. It can also be extremely relaxing and a good workout. What’s not to love?

    But sometimes your condition or pain may affect your ability to garden. Fortunately, there are things you can do to manage these issues. It just takes a little trowel and error. Here’s our sage advice.

    Lettuce do our best: Pacing

    It’s easy to get carried away and overdo things when you’re feeling good and having a great time in the garden. But you generally pay for it the next day (or three 😑) with increased pain and fatigue. That’s why it’s so important that you pace yourself.

    Break your gardening projects into smaller jobs – for example, weed a small section of a garden bed rather than the entire thing. Or, mow the front lawn one day and the back lawn the next.

    Not everything has to be done at once, though your inner perfectionist may want that. Don’t listen to that voice! Instead, make a realistic plan about how much you can do and stick to it.

    And remember to take regular breaks. That’ll help you conserve your energy, and it’s also a good opportunity to drink some water while you sit back and admire your work, contemplate what to do next, and imagine future gardening projects 😊.

    Just dill with it: Warming up is important

    Gardening is physical, so get your body ready for it, just as you would before doing any form of exercise. Do some stretches, or go for a walk around your yard or the block, so your muscles warm up, and you feel looser. Then ease into the gardening.

    Cactus makes perfect! Good posture and technique

    Be aware of your posture and use good technique when lifting and carrying things. It’s easy, especially if you’ve been working all day and you’re tired, for poor technique to slip in. Remember to carry things close to your body (or use a wheelbarrow or cart), be careful when kneeling or squatting that you don’t overbalance and maintain the natural curve of your spine. Try not to stay in the same position or do lots of repetitive movements for long periods. Swap your activities to use a range of muscles and joints rather than overworking one part of the body. For example, if you’ve been digging and giving your back and shoulders a solid workout, take a break and sit at a garden bench while you pot some herbs or cuttings.

    Do you have the thyme? Know your limits

    Planning is essential to ensure you don’t become a slave to your garden and constant weeding, mowing and pruning. Ask yourself – ‘what can I realistically do?’ Consider the size of your garden, the amount of work required to maintain your garden, how much time you want to commit to it, and how your health may affect what you can do now and in the future. Once you’ve considered these factors, you can consciously plan a garden that works for you and not against you.

    No need to grow big or go home: There’s beauty in small things

    Love gardening but don’t have the time, space or inclination to commit to regular gardening? Then go small. Have a few indoor plants or small containers on your patio, deck or balcony. You can still enjoy gardening on a small scale that suits your lifestyle.

    If bush comes to shove: Love local

    Take some of the time, money, effort and excessive water use out of gardening and choose native plants that are indigenous to your local area. Because they’ve adapted to local environmental conditions, they generally require less maintenance and water. And they’re less likely than more high-maintenance plants to keel over and die on you, saving you the cost of replacing them. Plus, they attract native insects and birds to your yard. And let’s not forget the fact that they’re stunning!! Win, win, win! 🌿 For information and resources about using natives in your garden, visit the Australian Native Plants Society website.

    Pot it like it’s hot: Contain your garden

    Use pots and other containers for small, manageable gardens. This is perfect if you only have a small space, live in a rental property, or want the flexibility to change plants and plant locations regularly. You can use regular garden pots or containers, or be creative and use other things you have lying around – e.g. old wheelbarrows, teapots, colanders, tyres, and boots.

    Check out Pinterest for some great ideas – just make sure you have plenty of time – Pinterest is a great place to lose track of time. You’ve been warned! 😂😂

    What a re-leaf! Raised and vertical gardens

    If you have a sore back, hips or knees, give them a break by using raised garden beds and vertical gardens. While these gardens can take a bit more planning and work, they allow you to access your garden with much less bending or kneeling. You can build your own – there are lots of videos and guides online to show you how to do this – or you can buy them in various shapes and sizes from gardening and hardware stores.

    Say aloe to my little friend: Tools and gadgets

    There’s a massive range of gardening tools and equipment to help you manage in the garden. They’ll help prevent injury, pain, and fatigue. Depending on the size of your garden and the amount of time you spend in it, some tools you may want to have on hand include:

    • Gardening gloves. It’s worth paying a bit more and getting a good quality pair (or two) that provide some padding, good grip and protect your skin.
    • Tools that do the work for you. This includes ratchet-style secateurs that allow you to cut branches with much less effort and long-handled tools that save you from bending down to weed or stretching overhead to reach branches.
    • Thicker handled garden tools. They’re perfect if you have sore hands or difficulty gripping. You can also buy thick rubber or foam tubing from the hardware store, cut it to length and fit it over the handles of your existing gardening tools.
    • Wheelbarrows or garden carts help you carry heavier items from one place to another or several smaller things in one go. Just be careful not to overload it or try to move more than you know you should. Listen to your body.
    • Cushioned knee supports. This includes knee pads, kneeling mats, or gardening stools that can help cushion and protect your knees and help you get up and down off the ground.

    I’m very frond of you: Asking the crew to get involved

    Get some help – from family, friends, a local handyman, or gardener – if you have some big jobs that need doing. For example, creating raised garden beds, pruning trees, and mowing lawns. You don’t have to do everything. Save the things you really enjoy for yourself and let someone else tackle the less enjoyable jobs. 😊

    Water you doing today? Staying hydrated

    Gardening can be hot, strenuous work, so don’t become dehydrated. Make sure you drink plenty of fluids and stay hydrated. Tuck a water bottle in your garden cart or have it on your porch ready for when you need it.

    And speaking of water, use a lightweight watering can or a garden hose when watering your garden. And be careful you know where the hose is at all times to avoid tripping on it 😫.

    Here comes the sun(flower): Protecting yourself from harmful rays

    The warming spring weather and longer hours of sunlight give us many more opportunities to work and play in the garden. But you need to balance the desire to be outdoors with protecting yourself against sunburn, skin cancer, photosensitivity and flares. And ensuring you get your daily dose of vitamin D. But there are ways you can find the right balance – from using sunscreen, wearing a hat and appropriate clothing, seeking out shade and more. Find out how.

    Time to turnip the heat: Loosen those tired muscles

    After your exertions in the garden, have a warm shower. Even when you pace yourself and take it easy, muscles can become tight, especially if the weather is on the cooler side. Or, if it’s been warm while you’ve been gardening, a shower can loosen those muscles and cool you down. After you’ve showered, try not to sit down immediately if you can help it. Go for a short walk to continue to loosen things up. You’ll feel so much better for it in the long run.

    Need some encourage-mint? See an OT

    An occupational therapist can help you find ways to modify your activities to reduce joint pain and fatigue and save energy. They can also give you tips and ideas about different aids and equipment available to make gardening easier and more enjoyable.

    Don’t moss around, get out there!

    With the weather warming up, getting outdoors and playing in the garden is a lovely way to forget the worries of the world. It really can give you some inner peas.😊

    So plant some bright flowers in pots or garden beds around the entrance to your house. Prune trees and shrubs and remove any dead winter growth. Add some mulch to the garden beds. Plant some vegies for summer salads. Then grab a cold drink, sit back and enjoy the fruits of your labours.

    “We might think we are nurturing our garden, but of course, it’s our garden that is really nurturing us.”
    Jenny Uglow

     

    Contact our free national Help Line

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, COVID-19, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available weekdays between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

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    walking.jpg
    Lisa Bywaters
    20/Sep/2022
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Just keep walking

    Is there anything better than pulling on your comfy trainers and heading outdoors for a walk? With the first breath of fresh air and the sun on your face, you feel better. Your muscles warm up, your joints loosen, and you settle into a comfortable stride. The rhythmic movement helps you relax and boosts your mood.

    I love going for a walk. It’s such a great exercise.

    It costs nothing, is suitable for most people, and gets you out of the house. You can walk at a leisurely pace or take it up a notch and increase the speed and intensity of your workout. Or do a combination of both for some interval walking.

    If you don’t exercise much, it’s an ideal way to build up your activity levels. Be sure to talk with your doctor first to get the all-clear, especially if you’ve recently had surgery or have other health conditions. Then start slow and gradually increase your distances and times.

    Try walking 30 minutes a day on most days of the week, and you’ll definitely notice the health benefits. Walking regularly can help you manage your pain, maintain a healthy weight, lift your mood, get a good night’s sleep, improve your muscle and joint health and increase heart and lung fitness.

    If you can’t walk 30 minutes at a time, you can easily break the walking up over your day. You don’t have to do it all in one go to reap the benefits. So during your day, you can do three 10 minute walks, two 15 minutes walks or six 5 minute walks, whatever works for you. It all adds up 😊.

    And if 30 minutes most days isn’t realistic for you at the moment, set yourself a goal so that it becomes achievable. Think about your daily commitments, your level of fitness, your pain/fatigue levels and all the other things that affect you daily. Now create a SMART goal. That’s a goal that is Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and has a Time-frame that works for you. It will help you set a practical plan for achieving your goal. Read our blog about goal setting for more info.

    14 tips for better walking

    Dress the part

    Let’s start with the most important element of your walking outfit – your shoes. They need to be comfortable, fit properly, and support your feet. Look for light, flexible shoes with thick, non-slip soles. Avoid slip-on shoes, and if laces are difficult to fasten due to arthritis in your hands, Velcro or elastic laces might be an option.

    Your clothes should be loose and/or stretchy enough to allow you to walk without restrictions. Make sure you wear a hat and sunglasses on sunny days. And grab any mobility aids you use before you head out.

    Warm up and cool down to prevent injuries or pain

    While you might be eager just to get out there, it’s important to take the time to let your muscles and joints warm up. So start your walk slowly, and gradually increase your pace. And when you’re close to finishing your walk, take the time to slow it down and give your body the chance to cool down. You can also incorporate some basic stretches to warm-up and cool down. Check out these stretches from the Arthritis Foundation (USA). 

    Walk briskly

    Did you know that 10 minutes of brisk walking is classified as cardio as long as you’re slightly out of breath? Brisk walking at a moderate intensity provides more health benefits than a simple stroll. How fast you need to walk for it to be moderate intensity will depend on your age and fitness level. So it differs from person to person. You can tell if you’re walking at a brisk, moderate-intensity pace if you’re breathing heavier than usual but can still have a conversation. But if you can walk and sing (which is a little unusual) 😉, you need to kick the intensity up a notch.

    Make walking a part of your routine

    To make walking a daily activity, you need to build it into your routine. Go at the same time each day – e.g. before/after work, before breakfast/after lunch. Whatever time suits you best and allows you the space to commit to it. Before long, when that time arrives each day, you’ll find yourself automatically reaching for your walking shoes. 👟👟

    Listen to music, audiobooks, podcasts

    Going for a walk by yourself gives you space for some alone time. Listen to something that interests or relaxes you as you exercise. There are many entertaining podcasts and audiobooks you can access free online. Or you can borrow audiobooks from your public library and download them to your phone.

    You can also make yourself a walking playlist featuring your favourite music that starts slower (for your warm-up), gets faster (for your main workout) and slows down again towards the end of your walk (for a cool down).

    Make it social

    At other times, it’s nice to walk with others. It’s fun and will help keep you motivated. You can chat, shoot the breeze, catch up and just be social 😊. So walk with friends or your family. And if you have a dog, bring it along! They need the exercise too. And dog owners are always up for a chat 🐶!

    Explore new places

    As many of us discovered during past lockdowns, walking the same paths day after day can become a little tedious. Mixing it up will make your walks more enjoyable. So look at your maps and discover new walking trails, parklands and suburbs.

    Or try a variation of this idea. Comedian and radio host Tony Martin and his partner have spent more than ten years exploring the streets of Melbourne, with the goal to walk every street! While you may not want to go that extreme, you could start smaller and check out different streets of your neighbourhood. Or pull out the old Melways or use your GPS to discover new and interesting places to walk.

    Take a water bottle

    Walking can be thirsty work, so you may need to take some water to remain hydrated. And depending on how far you’re walking, consider taking a small backpack for your water bottle and any other supplies you think you may need, such as snacks, sunscreen, a map, band-aids (just in case) and your phone.

    Be mindful while you’re walking

    Take time to be in the moment and experience the walk. How do your feet feel as they connect with the ground? What can you smell? How does the wind feel on your face? What can you see around you? Take the time and opportunity to really connect with what you’re doing and savour every moment.

    Track your walking with a pedometer or fitness activity tracker

    This’s a great way to see how you’ve progressed over time. And many of the walking apps allow you to challenge others, so if you can’t physically walk together, you can in spirit. And a little healthy competition can help you push yourself to achieve more 😉.

    Increase the distance and intensity of your walks over time

    To see the health benefits from your walking, you need to push yourself to go further and harder. Just be mindful that you don’t push too hard, too soon. Especially if you’ve been unwell, had surgery, or you’re having a flare. Listen to what your body is telling you. A physiotherapist, exercise physiologist or fitness instructor can provide tips and guidance if you need help.

    Walk indoors

    If it’s raining or just too hot or cold to take your walk outdoors, stay in! There are many ways you can walk indoors. For example, you can walk around your home if you have the space. Or you can follow an online video of walking exercises (there are many available to suit your specific needs and fitness level). Or you can take your walk to the shopping centre. They have lots of open areas to walk and places to rest and hydrate when you need to. Just try not to get distracted and slow down to shop! 😂 You can also take your walk to the local fitness centre or gym. Many have indoor walking tracks you can use for free if you’re a member or for a small fee if you’re not.

    Be aware of walking surfaces

    They’re not all equal. Natural surfaces such as grass, fine gravel, dirt and woodchip are softer and generally easier on your joints. However, they’re not always even surfaces, so you need to be aware of potential trip hazards. Manmade surfaces such as asphalt and concrete can be more jarring on sore joints. However, they’re generally smoother. So factor walking surfaces into your plans. If your hips, knees, ankles or feet are particularly sore, go for the softer, more natural surfaces. If you’re concerned about falling or bad weather, manmade surfaces may be your best option.

    Join others

    Consider joining a walking or bushwalking group. You’ll meet other people who love walking, explore new places together and get lots of tips and advice to make walking more enjoyable and challenging.

    Another option is parkruns. They’re free, weekly community events with 5km walks and runs in parks and open spaces on Saturday mornings. Everyone is welcome, there are no time limits, and best of all, no one finishes last! 😊
    ——
    So what are you waiting for? Pull on your walking shoes, grab a friend or your headphones, and as the INXS song goes, just keep walking!

    Contact our free national Helpline

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available Monday to Thursday  between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@muscha.org) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

    Walks in your state or territory

    CONTINUE READING
    self-care-tips.jpg
    Lisa Bywaters
    21/Jul/2022
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Self-care tips

    Looking for ways to put more ‘care’ into your self-care game? We’ve got 21 tips to help you!

    1. There’s no perfect or right way to practise self-care

    The first tip, and I can’t stress this enough, is there’s no perfect or right way to practise self-care. Sure, we can talk about the International Self-Care Foundation’s seven pillars, and we can push exercise, healthy eating and hand washing until the cows come home 🐄 🐄 🐄. But, if those things don’t resonate with you, or you have other pressing issues vying for your attention (e.g. dealing with a case of painsomnia), you’re not going to care about our messaging on those topics. Or, at least not at the moment.

    2. Choose your own adventure

    This leads us to tip number two. Self-care is like a ‘choose your own adventure’ story. It’s unique to you, your life, your specific set of circumstances and your choices.

    3. Create your toolbox

    Knowing the basic elements or tools of self-care (see the seven pillars) means you can choose what you need to help you manage at specific times. It’s like having a trusty toolbox filled to the brim with info about exercise, smoking cessation, healthy recipes, pain management strategies, guided imagery scripts and massage oil. You can pick and choose what you want or need. The key is knowing what’s available and how they can help you.

    So far, we’ve been talking broadly about self-care. Now let’s look at some more specific tips our consumers and staff recommend.

    4. Drink water

    It lubricates and cushions your joints, aids digestion, prevents constipation, keeps your temperature normal and helps maintain your blood pressure. The amount of water you need varies from person to person and from day to day. There’s no ‘one size fits all’, but “as a general rule, men need about 10 cups of fluids every day and women need about 8 cups (add another cup a day if you are pregnant or breastfeeding)”. (1)

    5. Plan your menu

    You can take a lot of the stress out of your day if you sit and plan your week’s meals and snacks. Check what ingredients you have in your pantry, fridge and freezer, work out what you need to buy, and write it all down. Then all you hopefully need is one trip to the shops, and you’re sorted! No more – ‘what’s for dinner’ angst. 😐 Eatforhealth.gov.au has some info on meal planning and sample plans for men, women and children.

    6. Get excited about exercise

    Mix up your exercise routine with something fun and enjoyable to get you out of your exercise rut. Try Zumba, cardio, low-impact exercises, tennis, dancing, skipping, cycling, or trampolining. Head to your local fitness centre or gym, try an online class or download an app like Get Active Victoria. There’s something for everyone!

    7. Just breathe

    Our breathing can become shallow when we feel stressed, anxious, upset or in pain. This, in turn, can elevate blood pressure and increase the heart rate. It can also cause more tension. When you notice this happening, take some time to decompress. Relax your body. Focus on your breathing. Slowly take a deep breath in. Fill your lungs to a capacity that’s comfortable for you. Then slowly release this breath. Don’t release it in a sudden exhale, but control it, so it’s slow and smooth. Continue this deep breathing, and you’ll feel your muscles relax, and your mind calm.

    8. Write it down

    Write about the things that make you happy and grateful. Write about the things that went well in your day.

    And write about the bad things. Not so you’ll continue to obsess about them, but so you can process your feelings and actions. This reflection allows you to devise strategies to prevent the bad thing from happening again, or ways to handle it differently in the future.

    9. Fill your home with plants

    Bring the outdoors in and enjoy the health benefits. Having plants in your indoor spaces can help relieve stress, improve mood, lower blood pressure and improve air quality. Just be sure to check that they’re not toxic for you, your family or your furry housemates. 🌼

    10. Have a regular date night

    Whether with your significant other or a bestie, having a regular date night scheduled gives you something to look forward to. It also means there’s less chance that other commitments get in the way of you spending dedicated time with that person, which is essential for nurturing your relationship. 🧡💚💛

    11. Say no

    We all want to please others, so saying no can be challenging. But you need to weigh up everything you have going on and decide whether you can take on something else. If you can’t, then say no. And don’t feel you have to apologise for doing so.

    12. Discover new places

    Embrace your inner adventurer and explore new places. Far or near – it doesn’t matter. The point is to get out in the world and experience new sights, sounds, smells and tastes. Immerse yourself in new experiences.

    13. Listen to music

    Music is a powerful force we often don’t think about – or at least not too deeply. It’s always there, often in the background. But music can improve your mood, help you focus, get motivated and even ease your pain. Find out more about the power of music.

    14. Pat your pets

    Spending time with your pets is a wonderful tonic. It can decrease blood pressure, reduce feelings of loneliness, reduce stress, improve your mood and increase opportunities for exercise and outdoor activities. And they’re so much fun! 🐶😺

    15. Get tidy and organised

    Nothing can make you frazzled faster than not being able to find that ‘thing’ you’re looking for. So taking time to put things away in their place after you’ve used them, or reorganising your cupboard/pantry/child’s room, so that things are orderly and easy to find can bring a lot of calm to your life. The level of order you want to achieve is up to you. Although there are MANY social posts about the perfectly organised home, don’t fall down that rabbit hole. All you need to achieve is a space that makes you feel good and suits your lifestyle.

    16. Eat mindfully

    How often have you eaten dinner but can’t remember what it tasted like because you were watching TV? Or wondered how on earth you ate a whole packet of potato chips while scrolling through Insta? If this sounds familiar, try some mindfulness. You may have tried mindfulness meditation, but you can also be mindful when you do other activities, like eating. It simply means that you focus on the moment and the activity without being distracted. So when you’re eating, really take time to focus on the textures, smells and flavours and how the food makes you feel.

    17. Get your meds sorted

    Medicines are an important part of our self-care, but it’s easy to miss doses, get them mixed up with others meds or take them at the wrong time. So have a chat with your pharmacist. Ask questions about your medicines and supplements, so you’re fully informed about each one.

    Many pharmacies have apps you can download that alert you when you need a new script, or you can download the MedicineWise app from NPS. If you take lots of medicines, or you find it hard to keep track of whether you’ve taken them or not, consider using a pill dispenser. You can buy one and fill it yourself, or your pharmacist can do this for you.

    18. Listen to your body

    Living with a chronic condition means that you need to be self-aware of how you’re feeling. If you’re exhausted, rest. If your back’s stiff, move. If you’re feeling sluggish, get some fresh air. If you’re feeling full, stop eating. Whatever your body is telling you, listen and take action.

    19. Treat yourself

    Many self-care posts we see on socials are very much of the ‘treat yo’ self’ variety. Going to a day spa, enjoying decadent foods, doing some online shopping, getting a pedicure, binging a favourite TV series, or travelling to exotic places. And why not? Why not indulge in pleasurable things that make you happy every now and again? As long as you’re not overindulging, overspending or overeating. Find the right balance and treat yourself. 😍

    20. Stand up

    We spend so much of our time sitting. In the car, on the couch, at the office, in waiting rooms. But we know that too much sitting can be bad for our health. It increases the risk of developing heart disease, type 2 diabetes and some forms of cancer. It also makes us feel tired, and our muscles and joints become stiff and sore from inactivity. So stand up and move regularly. Set alerts on your phone to remind you. Or download the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute Rise & Recharge app, which helps reduce sitting time and encourages regular movement.

    21. Play

    We loved to play when we were kids. Chasing each other, making up games, not overthinking things and just having fun. But as adults, we become too busy for play. Or we feel silly or self-conscious about how we might appear when we play. But playing is fun! It helps us forget about our work and commitments. It lets us be in the moment and let our inhibitions go. Play relieves stress and allows us to be creative and imaginative. So rediscover playing – with your kids, pets, partner, and friends. Let your inner child loose, play and have fun! Rediscover chasey (the dogs love that one), play hide and seek, build a blanket fort in your lounge, throw a Frisbee, play charades, the floor is lava, or a video game tournament. There are no rules – just have fun!

    Contact our free national Help Line

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, COVID-19, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available weekdays between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

    Reference

    (1) Drinking water and your health, Healthdirect

    CONTINUE READING
    Yoga.jpg
    Lisa Bywaters
    07/Jul/2022
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Low-impact cardio exercises to get you moving

    Pilates, yoga, and tai chi

    How’s your exercise routine going? Are you doing the amount of activity recommended in the Australian physical activity and exercise guidelines?

    As a reminder, the guidelines say that adults should be active most days, preferably every day.

    Each week, adults should do either:

    • 2.5 to 5 hours of moderate-intensity physical activity – e.g. a brisk walk, golf, mowing the lawn or swimming
    • 1.25 to 2.5 hours of vigorous-intensity physical activity – e.g. jogging, aerobics, fast cycling, soccer or netball
    • an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous activities.(1)

    I know I’m meeting these recommendations, but like me, are you finding that exercise has become a little dull? Has your exercise routine been reduced (because of COVID fears and restrictions 😷) to simply walking? Lots and lots of walking 🚶 🚶 🚶?

    Although I love a good walk, it isn’t working my body as much as it needs to be worked for optimal health and wellbeing. So while I’ll continue doing it, it’s time to add something new … something that will also improve my fitness, stamina, balance and flexibility.

    And now’s the perfect time. Even though it’s cold and wintery, many of these exercises can be done indoors, where it’s cosy and warm.

    Before we go any further, what are low-impact cardio exercises?

    Simply put, low-impact exercises or activities are easy on your joints. They put little or no impact on them – hence ‘low-impact’. Examples include swimming, cycling, tai chi and yoga. While doing these exercises, you’re putting minimal stress, weight, or pressure on your joints.

    Compare these activities to more intense ones such as running, basketball or tennis. They aren’t low-impact because your joints are being jarred or impacted by the activity. For example, your hips, knees and feet feel the impact when you run, and your arm, shoulder and wrist feel the jarring as your return a tennis volley.

    The ‘cardio’ aspect means that while you’re being kind to your joints, you’re still getting a workout. Cardio exercises increase your heart rate and improve the health of your heart and lungs (or your cardiovascular system).

    What are the benefits of low-impact cardio exercises?

    These exercises allow you to stretch and strengthen your muscles without putting your joints through too much stress. They’re also a great place to start if you’re a beginner, haven’t exercised in a while, or you’re recovering from an injury.

    Low-impact exercises can also improve flexibility, mobility and help relieve joint pain and stiffness. Because you’re getting a solid workout, the exercise builds endurance and stamina, aids weight loss, helps reduce your risk of other health problems (e.g. diabetes) and can improve your sleep quality.

    Regular exercise improves your mood and mental health. It also improves your balance and can reduce your risk of falls, which is essential if you have osteoporosis or are at risk of poor bone health.

    Let’s look at a few low-impact exercises that will provide a good workout but, when performed correctly, won’t aggravate musculoskeletal conditions.

    Tai chi

    Tai chi is an ancient form of martial art originating in China. It’s evolved over centuries into what’s been called ‘moving meditation’ because it combines gentle, flowing movements with mindfulness and deep breathing.
    It’s a low-impact, slow-motion exercise with specific controlled movements. When doing tai chi, your muscles are relaxed rather than tensed, and your joints aren’t fully extended or bent.

    There are many forms of tai chi, and some have been modified to suit people with various health conditions, including arthritis and osteoporosis.

    Tai chi promotes correct body posture and balance, improves flexibility and integrates the body and mind. It’s practised by people of all ages and fitness levels.

    You can learn tai chi online or from books or DVDs, but most people find it easier to learn from a qualified instructor. They’ll ensure you’re performing the movements correctly and safely.

    The Tai Chi for Health website has a search function to help you find a qualified tai chi instructor in your area.

    Online recordings, books and DVDs are useful to help you practice between classes. Your instructor will be able to recommend some websites and titles.

    Yoga

    Like tai chi, yoga incorporates mind, body and breath. Yoga originated in India over 5,000 years ago. Since then, it’s become incredibly popular around the globe.

    It’s so popular that it’s all over Insta, TikTok, Facebook and YouTube. But take what you see on these platforms with a grain of salt. They often show us the extremes of yoga – fit and flexible people bent and twisted into challenging poses. This can be a little off-putting 😮!

    The good news is there are many different types of yoga to suit all needs and interests. There are even types of yoga that have been modified so that you can use a chair, a block or other aids to help you do the postures without straining your joints or aggravating your condition. So if you’re interested in trying yoga, you’re sure to find a type that suits you.

    Search the Yoga Australia website for a qualified yoga teacher. When making contact with them, ask about the type of yoga they teach, whether it’s suitable for people with your condition (and any other health conditions you have) and if they’ve successfully taught people with your condition before.

    Pilates

    Pilates was developed in the 1920s by German physical trainer Joseph Pilates. It focuses on postural alignment, strengthening the trunk (your abdominals, hips, inner and outer thighs, and back), body awareness and breath control. Initially, it was dancers, athletes and soldiers who used Pilates to strengthen their bodies and recover from injury.

    However, it didn’t take long for Pilates to become popular amongst the wider community. Pilates’ slow, controlled movements are suitable for people of all ages, fitness levels and abilities.

    Pilates can be performed on a mat or using special equipment (e.g. the Reformer) in a Pilates studio. The difference is that mat Pilates uses only your body weight and gravity as resistance, whereas the equipment involves springs, ropes, and straps for added resistance. Depending on your needs and preferences, you can choose to do Pilates on a mat at home or in a class environment, or in a studio using equipment. Or you can do both, as Joseph Pilates intended.

    Ensure you see a qualified instructor who can teach you how to perform each exercise correctly and safely.

    You can find a Pilates instructor via the Pilates Alliance Australasia or the Australian Pilates Method Association.

    Health insurance

    In 2019, the Australian Government made changes to private health insurance. Many natural therapies are no longer covered by your extras, including Pilates*, tai chi, and yoga.

    With no rebate available, this will affect your out-of-pocket costs, so when making inquiries about classes or sessions, ask for prices 💰.

    *Note: Clinical Pilates, delivered by a physiotherapist, is covered under physiotherapy care as part of your extras cover without any changes.

    Starting classes

    If you decide to try Pilates, yoga and/or tai chi, there are a few things you should do:

    • Talk with your doctor about whether these exercises are suitable for you. Discuss any potential benefits and risks.
    • When inquiring about classes, ask if your instructor is qualified and if they’ve worked with people with musculoskeletal conditions.
    • Ask how much the classes/sessions cost and how often you need to attend.
    • Don’t rush through the warm-up and cool-down – they’re important for preventing injury and pain.
    • Focus on your movements and technique to ensure you’re exercising correctly and safely.
    • Listen to your body. Some pain is expected when you begin exercising your body in a new way, but it shouldn’t be severe. Stop the exercise and discuss it with your instructor if you feel unusual pain. You may be performing the exercise incorrectly, or need to modify it to suit you.

    Contact our free national Help Line

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, COVID-19, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available weekdays between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

    Reference

    (1) Physical activity and exercise guidelines for all Australians: For adults (18 to 64 years)
    Australian Government, Department of Health and Aged Care

    CONTINUE READING
    relaxing-with-dog.jpg
    Lisa Bywaters
    13/Apr/2022
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Bedtime routines – not just for kids

    Do you get to the end of your busy, tiring day, drag yourself to bed and then have trouble falling asleep? Or staying asleep?

    If so, you’re not alone. It’s a common problem, especially for people with musculoskeletal conditions or chronic pain. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) reports that about two-thirds of Australians aged 18 and over with chronic conditions such as arthritis, diabetes and mental health issues report at least 1 sleep difficulty or problem.(1)  And so while it’s probably no surprise to you that poor sleep affects your pain levels and quality of life, did you know it can put you at risk of developing other chronic conditions, including high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease? (2)

    That’s why it’s important to develop a healthy and consistent bedtime routine that allows your body and mind time to wind down and relax so that you can sleep well.

    What are the elements of a bedtime routine?

    First, a good bedtime routine needs time. Rushing is counterproductive and can lead to more stress and anxiety right before you hop into bed. So give yourself enough time, at least 30 minutes each night. Also, allow time for your new routine to stick. We’re creatures of habit, but when we create new routines, we have to give them time to become second nature.

    Next, your bedtime routine should involve things that you enjoy, help calm your body and mind, and let your body know it’s time for sleep.

    Here are some suggestions for things you might include in your routine:

    • Set a time for going to bed, and stick to it as much as possible. When you have a consistent sleep schedule, your body naturally adjusts and begins to feel tired at the right time each day, making it easier to fall asleep.
    • Don’t use technology during your wind-down time. It’s easy to lose track of time while reading emails, checking social media or watching the latest TV series. The next thing you know, you’re still awake at midnight. So put the technology away.
    • Write it down and get it out of your head. Put pen to paper and write down your worries, concerns, and things you need to do the next day. Basically, anything playing on your mind and interfering with your ability to relax and sleep. Don’t do this right before you hop into bed, as they’ll still be on your mind. Instead, do it a few hours before bedtime, and then put it away.
    • Avoid caffeine, alcohol, nicotine and big meals close to bedtime. They can affect your ability to fall asleep and the quality of your sleep. Instead, drink water, herbal tea or non-caffeinated drinks. And if you’re hungry, eat a light snack, for example, a piece of fruit, some yoghurt or a small handful of nuts.
    • Adjust the temperature. Your body’s core temperature needs to drop a few degrees for you to fall asleep. So for your bedroom temperature, it’s best to aim for cooler (but not cold) rather than warm. A helpful tip from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine is to think of your bedroom as a cave: it should be cool, quiet, and dark.
    • Have a warm shower or bath an hour or two before bed. This is also about achieving optimum body temperature for good sleep. The shower or bath will initially warm your body, but then as the water evaporates from your skin, you’ll quickly cool down. The warm water also stimulates blood flow from your core to your hands and feet, lowering your body temperature.
    • Don’t forget your teeth! While it doesn’t directly relate to sleep quality, it’s part of the winding down process at the end of your day.
    • Take your regular medicines (if required).
    • Avoid strenuous exercise before bedtime. It raises your temperature and heart rate, making it difficult to fall asleep. Instead, save these kinds of activities for your morning or afternoon.
    • Do something you enjoy – for example, read a book, listen to music, talk to your partner/kids/pet. These enjoyable activities create a feeling of calm. They can also improve your mood and help you manage stress and anxiety.
    • Try other ways to relax – such as gentle yoga, meditation, stretching, deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation.
    • Have sex! Research suggests that having sex improves sleep, whether you’re alone or with a partner. Orgasm releases several hormones, including oxytocin, which when elevated as a result of sexual intercourse improves sleep quality. Cuddling may also help you fall asleep, as it can make you feel calm and comforted.
    • Prep for the next day. Take the stress out of your morning routine by doing some prep the night before. Sort out your lunch, outfit, kid’s homework etc, so you can go to bed feeling confident your morning will start well.

    These simple suggestions to help you wind down at the end of your day can help you relax and sleep better. And in the end, we all want to sleep well and feel as refreshed as possible when we wake up. So why not give some of these things a go? You’ve got nothing to lose and so much to gain.

    Contact our free national Help Line

    Call our nurses if you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, COVID-19, telehealth, or accessing services. They’re available weekdays between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

    Reference

    (1-2) Sleep problems as a risk factor for chronic conditions 
    Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)

    CONTINUE READING
    morning-coffee.jpg
    Lisa Bywaters
    24/Mar/2022
    Health InformationMSK articles

    Rise and shine! Developing a morning routine

    Do you get to the end of your day and wonder where all your time went? Between work, family commitments, random phone calls, catching up with friends, walking the dog, feeding the cat and endlessly scrolling through socials, your day has flown by, your to-do list has barely been touched, and you still need to scrounge up something for dinner?

    If this sounds familiar, I’m right there with you 🙃. Adjusting to our ‘new normal’ is taking a bit of getting used to. Finding the right balance between work and home life, commuting to the office (or moving from my couch to my desk 😉) is challenging. And my routine, once the foundation of my day, is in tatters and needs some help.

    Why do we need routine?

    When so much is out of our control, developing a morning routine can help you gain some control so you can do the things you need to do in your day. This boosts your confidence, makes you feel more positive and reduces feelings of stress.

    Having a morning routine allows you to plan and prioritise activities so that if things go pear-shaped – as they sometimes do – your most important activities have (hopefully) been accomplished. And having a regular routine means you’re less likely to forget something, which is especially helpful if you’re feeling a bit ‘foggy’.

    So how can you create (or update) your morning routine?

    First, let’s start with the foundation of your morning routine – getting a good night’s sleep. We all know what it’s like when we haven’t slept well. We drag ourselves through the day, bleary-eyed and unfocused. But we also know that getting a good night’s sleep can sometimes be tough when you live with a musculoskeletal condition and persistent pain. Fortunately, there are many things you can do to improve your sleep quality and quantity, and wake up feeling refreshed. Read our article on sleep for info and tips.

    The next step is planning. For your morning routine to be effective and have a positive flow-on effect for the rest of your day, you need to be prepared and have a plan. This may include:

    • Getting things ready the night before. Do whatever you can at the end of your day so that your mornings are less hectic. For example, check the weather and decide what you want to wear the following day; prep healthy breakfasts/lunches/snacks so you can just grab them as you head out the door in the morning.
    • Make a list of the things you need to do in the day and prioritise them to know what absolutely needs to be done. Include appointments, exercise, work/school/family/social commitments and recreation.

    Now it’s time to get moving.

    • When the alarm goes off, it’s tempting to hit the snooze button, but resist the urge! Endlessly hitting snooze will make you lose valuable time, and it could also affect your health. Find out how.
    • Build extra time into your morning routine in case you wake up feeling blah. The extra time will also make you feel less rushed and stressed.
    • Do some gentle stretches while in bed to warm up and loosen stiff muscles and joints.
    • Have a warm shower for the same reason. It’ll also help clear your head and wake you up fully.
    • Sit down and eat a healthy breakfast and drink some water.
    • Take your medications (if required).
    • Do some exercise. Take your dog for a walk, do some yoga, hit the gym, go for a swim. Whatever exercise you enjoy and you’re committed to doing, do it. Not only will it help you manage your condition and health overall, exercising in the morning improves your concentration, energy levels and mood.
    • Do something nice for yourself. Try mindfulness meditation, deep breathing, practising gratitude, listening to upbeat music, hug your partner/kids/pet. Choose something that makes you happy and puts a smile on your face as you start a new day.
    • Review your day ahead so you know what to expect, what you need to do, what things to take with you etc.
    • Set up alerts or alarms on your phone or computer to help you stay on track with your day.

    Making your routine stick

    Once you’ve established your routine, you need to be consistent and stick to it. That way, it’ll become second nature.

    And be flexible. Sticking to your morning routine as often as possible is great, but you’ll also need to learn to be flexible if something unexpected happens.

    When it’s all said and done, routines may sound boring, but they’re a great way to stay on top of your commitments and get to the end of the day feeling accomplished and relaxed. So if you struggle to achieve all of the things you set out to do each day, why not try a couple of these strategies to see if they can help? You’ve got nothing to lose and so much to gain.

    Contact our free national Help Line

    If you have questions about managing your pain, musculoskeletal condition, treatment options, mental health issues, COVID-19, telehealth, or accessing services, call our nurses. They’re available weekdays between 9am-5pm on 1800 263 265; email (helpline@msk.org.au) or via Messenger.

    More to explore

    CONTINUE READING

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